However, most of these projects use biogas to produce electricity rather than power natural gas vehicles. As of June 2020, there were about 564 operational LFG projects in the United States, according to the EPA. Biogas from landfills is also called landfill gas (LFG), as the digestion process takes place in the ground rather than in an anaerobic digester.
Landfills are the third-largest source of human-related methane emissions in the United States, according to the U.S.
Landfills are designated locations for disposal of waste collected from residential, industrial, and commercial entities. The resulting RNG, or biomethane, has a higher content of methane than raw biogas, which makes it comparable to conventional natural gas and thus a suitable energy source in applications that require pipeline-quality gas.įor a comprehensive list of projects that are upgrading gas for pipeline injection or use as vehicle fuel, see the Renewable Natural Gas Database developed and maintained by Argonne National Laboratory. This process is called conditioning or upgrading, and involves the removal of water, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and other trace elements. To fuel vehicles, biogas must be processed to a higher purity standard. With minor cleanup, biogas can be used to generate electricity and heat. This processed biogas is instead used as a replacement for traditional natural gas to generate combined electricity and heating for power plants-not in vehicle applications.īiogas is produced from various biomass sources through a biochemical process, such as anaerobic digestion, or through thermochemical means, such as gasification. RNG qualifies as an advanced biofuel under the Renewable Fuel Standard.īiomethane, which is another term for this purified pipeline-quality fuel, refers to biogas that has also been cleaned and conditioned to remove or reduce non-methane elements. Like conventional natural gas, RNG can be used as a transportation fuel in the form of compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG). RNG is essentially biogas (the gaseous product of the decomposition of organic matter) that has been processed to purity standards.
Renewable natural gas (RNG) is a pipeline-quality gas that is fully interchangeable with conventional natural gas and thus can be used in natural gas vehicles. This milk transport truck fuels up at a renewable natural gas station.
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